This essay reviews current debates in philosophical liberalism and int
ernational law concerning ''collective'' or group rights and argues th
at., under certain circumstances, they should be recognized as a means
of protecting and preserving ethnic minority cultures from various ac
tions and policies pursued by the states in which they reside. A class
ification of different ethnic minorities and the rights that adhere to
them are suggested. Anthropologists are urged to address rights issue
s in their writings and provide the ethnographic grounding that is oft
en lacking in discourses on collective rights.