Background. Improved life expectancy of children with chronic renal fa
ilure (CRF) has increased the number of patients with renal osteodystr
ophy and has brought to light novel and severe forms of the disease. T
hese factors have contributed to the need to evaluate new, noninvasive
imaging modalities for the detection of bone involvement. Objectives.
To evaluate the potential of MRI in the detection of the bone changes
of renal osteodystrophy as compared to conventional X-rays. Materials
and methods. Fourteen children with CRF were examined with a 0.5-T MR
unit using TI-weighted and STIR sequences and conventional radiograph
s. The following features were reviewed in a nonblinded study: skeleta
l deformities, thickening of cortical bone, trabecular pattern, intrao
sseous soft tissue masses, osteonecrosis, extraskeletal calcifications
and bone marrow signal changes. Results. MRI adequately demonstrated
skeletal deformities, cortical thickening and irregular trabecular pat
tern. It showed osteonecrosis and intraosseous soft-tissue masses more
conspicuously than X-ray In addition, it revealed diffuse nonspecific
signal changes in the bone marrow. Conclusion. MRI is a potentially u
seful tool for evaluating the bone changes of renal osteodystrophy.