Epithelial shedding, even to the point of airway denudation, had alrea
dy been described as a common and unifying feature of asthma by the la
tter half of the 19th century. However, the repair processes that spec
ifically follow the shedding-like loss of epithelial cells have only r
ecently been examined in vivo. This paper discusses the exceedingly fa
st epithelial restitution and the potential pathogenic sequelae to epi
thelial shedding alone that have been unravelled. Epithelial cytoprote
ction emerges as an important property of future therapeutic drugs for
the treatment of airways inflammatory conditions.