Wh. Kim et al., EFFECT OF VARIOUS DRIVING FORCES ON HEAT AND MASS-TRANSFER IN ARC-WELDING, Numerical heat transfer. Part A, Applications, 32(6), 1997, pp. 633-652
In this study the heat transfer and fluid flow of the molten pool in s
tationary gas tungsten are welding using argon shielding gas were inve
stigated. Transporting phenomena from the welding are to the base mate
rial surface, such as current density, heat flux, arc pressure, and sh
ear stress acting on the weld pool surface, were taken from the simula
tion results of the corresponding welding arc. Various driving forces
for the weld pool convection were considered: self-induced electromagn
etic, surface tension, buoyancy, and impinging plasma arc forces. Furt
hermore, the effect of surface depression due to the arc pressure acti
ng on the molten pool surface was considered. Because the fusion bound
ary has a curved and unknown shape during welding, a boundary-fitted c
oordinate system was adopted to precisely describe the boundary for th
e momentum equation. The numerical model was applied to AISI 304 stain
less steel and compared with the experimental results.