MARGULES EQUATIONS APPLIED TO PAH SOLUBILITIES IN ALCOHOL-WATER MIXTURES

Solubilities of phenanthrene, pyrene, and perylene were determined in aqueous solutions containing either methanol, ethanol, or propanol at alcohol volume fractions ranging from zero to nearly 1, at 25 degrees C and atmospheric pressure. These data, and data from the literature o n naphthalene were compared to various forms of two- and three-suffix Margules equations and UNIFAC predictions. For each solute-solvent-cos olvent (i.e., PAH-water-alcohol) system examined, the solubility (S) o f each PAH increased with increasing alcohol volume fraction (v(3)). T he UNIFAC model poorly estimated solubilities at cosolvent volume frac tions near 0.5. Analysis of the data with various forms of the Margule s equations shows that, in addition to solute-solvent and solute-cosol vent interaction terms, inclusion of solvent-cosolvent (i.e., water-al cohol) and solute-solvent-cosolvent interaction forms in the model imp roves predictions, particularly at cosolvent volume fractions near 0.5 . A simplified three-suffix Margules model is proposed, which includes terms for all these interactions and accurately estimates the experim ental data with a consistent set of interaction parameters. All sets o f interaction parameters involving solute molecules were regressed aga inst each solute's respective log octanol-water partition coefficient, K-aw. Solubilities of other PAH compounds in similar alcohol-water mi xtures, obtained from the literature, were estimated accurately with t hese relationships and knowledge of each solute's K-aw value and entha lpy of fusion.