The purpose of this article is to examine the language by which nursin
g staff described these patients in their medical records, Charts of f
ormer psychiatric patients were studied for the quality of the words u
sed to communicate about patient behaviors, More than 4,000 entries we
re examined and descriptive words that appeared with most regularity w
ere presented to a panel of expert psychiatric nurses who were asked t
o a sort them as to connotation, Results show that nurses entries focu
s on patients in judgemental and unflattering ways. Recommendations ar
e made to replace the use of negatively laden language and labels with
descriptions in more behavioral and operational terms. Copyright (C)
1997 by W.B. Saunders Company.