Described nearly 70 years ago as the 'punch drunk' syndrome, dementia
pugilistica has recently received increasing attention in both the med
ical and lay press. The association between the finding of cavum septi
pellucidi and dementia in old boxers was first described by Ferguson
and Mawdsley in 1965. Since then it has commonly been listed as one of
the features of this condition. We review the significance and the ep
idemiology of cavum septi pellucidi and present an alternative explana
tion for the association between this developmental anomaly of the bra
in and dementia pugilistica.