An important thrust in modern macromolecular chemistry is to construct
complex architectures either directly from monomer units, or to desig
n macromolecules capable of forming a desired superstructure by self-o
rganization. Chain-rigidity is an example of a structural principle le
ading to self organization depending on the aspect ratio of the molecu
lar objects and their mutual interactions. These molecularly defined o
bjects serve as the building blocks of systems for which ultrathin lay
ers composed of hairy rod macromolecules (HRM) are an example. Dependi
ng on architectural details layered architectures of HRM are models fo
r molecular nanocomposites, exhibit interesting optical, electrochemic
al, dielectric or barrier properties. They are also designed to be use
d in devices the performance of which depends on molecular interaction
s. Thus, the design of novel macromolecules comprises the design of su
pramolecular architectures and functions based on architectural princi
ples from the very beginning. A systems approach is emphasized as part
of the synthetic strategy.