ROLE OF HOPE IN ACADEMIC AND SPORT ACHIEVEMENT

Hope is the sum of goal thoughts as tapped by pathways and agency. Pat hways reflect the perceived capability to produce goal routes; agency reflects the perception that one can initiate action along these pathw ays. Using trait and state hope scales, studies explored hope in colle ge student athletes. In Study 1, male and female athletes were higher in trait hope than nonathletes; moreover, hope significantly predicted semester grade averages beyond cumulative grade point average and ove rall self-worth. In Study 2, with female cross-country athletes, trait hope predicted athletic outcomes; further, weekly state hope tended t o predict athletic outcomes beyond dispositional hope, training, and s elf-esteem, confidence, and mood. In Study 3, with female track athlet es, dispositional hope significantly predicted athletic outcomes beyon d variance related to athletic abilities and affectivity; moreover, at hletes had higher hope than nonathletes.