PROTONOLYSIS OF DIALKYLARYLPLATINUM(II) AND ALKYLARYLPLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES AND GEOMETRICAL ISOMERIZATION OF THE DERIVED MONOORGANO-SOLVENTO COMPLEXES - CLEAR-CUT EXAMPLES OF ASSOCIATIVE AND DISSOCIATIVE PATHWAYS IN PLATINUM(II) CHEMISTRY
R. Romeo et al., PROTONOLYSIS OF DIALKYLARYLPLATINUM(II) AND ALKYLARYLPLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES AND GEOMETRICAL ISOMERIZATION OF THE DERIVED MONOORGANO-SOLVENTO COMPLEXES - CLEAR-CUT EXAMPLES OF ASSOCIATIVE AND DISSOCIATIVE PATHWAYS IN PLATINUM(II) CHEMISTRY, Inorganic chemistry, 36(25), 1997, pp. 5909-5916
Protonolysis of the complexes cis-[PtR2(PEt3)(2)] (R = Me, Et, Pr-n, B
u-n, CH2C(Me)(3), CH2Si(Me)(3)) and cis-[Pt(R)(R')(PEt3)(2)] (R = Ph,
2-MeC6H4, 2, 4, 6-Me3C6H2; R' = Me) in methanol selectively cleaves on
e alkyl group, yielding cis-[Pt(R)(PEt3)(2)(MeOH)](+) and alkanes. The
reactions occur as single-stage conversions from the substrate to the
product. There is no evidence by UV and by low-temperature H-1 and P-
31 NMR spectroscopy for the presence of significant amounts of Pt(II)
or Pt(IV) intermediate species. Reactions are first order with respect
to complex and proton concentrations and are strongly retarded by ste
ric congestion at the Pt-C bond, varying from k(2) = (2.65 +/- 0.08) x
10(5) M-1 s(-1) for R = R' = Et to k(2) = 9.80 +/- 0.44 M(-1)s(-1) fo
r R = R' = CH2Si(Me)(3). Low enthalpies of activation and largely nega
tive volumes of activation are associated with the process. The mechan
ism involves a rate-determining proton transfer either to the metal-ca
rbon sigma bond (S(E)2 mechanism) or to the metal center (S-E(oxidativ
e) mechanism), followed by fast extrusion of the alkane and simultaneo
us blocking of the vacant coordination site by the solvent to generate
cis-[Pt(R)(PEt3)(2)(MeOH)](+) species. The subsequent slower process,
cis to trans isomerization of cis-[Pt(R)(PEt3)(2)(MeOH)](+), is chara
cterized by high values of enthalpies of activation, positive entropie
s of activation, and largely positive volumes of activation. The react
ion is shown to proceed through the dissociative loss of the weakly bo
nded molecule of solvent and the interconversion of two geometrically
distinct T-shaped 14-electron 3-coordinate intermediates. The presence
of beta-hydrogens on the residual alkyl chain produces a great accele
ration of the rate (R = Me, k(i) = 0.0026 s(-1); R = Et, k(i) = 44.9 s
(-1)) as a consequence of the stabilization of the 3-coordinate [Pt(R)
(PEt3)(2)](+) transition state through an incipient agostic interactio
n. The results of this work, together with those of a previous paper,
give a rationale of the ''elusive'' nature of these compounds. The fol
lowing factors concur: (i) electron release by the phosphine ligands,
(ii) steric repulsion and distortion of the square-planar configuratio
n, and (iii) interaction of the metal with beta-hydrogens.