The statistics of meander and related problems are studied as particul
ar realizations of compact polymer chain foldings. This paper presents
a general discussion of these topics, with a particular emphasis on t
hree points: (i) the use of a direct recursive relation for building (
semi)meanders, (ii) the equivalence with a random matrix model, and (i
ii) the exact solution of simpler related problems, such as arch confi
gurations or irreducible meanders.