J. Craninckx et Msj. Steyaert, A 1.8-GHZ LOW-PHASE-NOISE CMOS VCO USING OPTIMIZED HOLLOW SPIRAL INDUCTORS, IEEE journal of solid-state circuits, 32(5), 1997, pp. 736-744
A completely integrated 1.8-GHz low-phase-noise voltage-controlled osc
illates (VCO) has been realized in a standard silicon digital CMOS pro
cess, The design relies heavily on the integrated spiral inductors whi
ch have been realized with only two metal layers and without etching,
The effects of high-frequency magnetic fields and losses in the heavil
y doped snbstrate have been simulated and modeled with finite-element
analysis, The achieved phase noise is as low as -116 dBc/Hz at an offs
et frequency of 600 kHz, at a power consumption of only 6 mW, The VCO
is tuned with standard available junction capacitances, resulting in a
258-MHz tuning range.