PEDIATRIC ELBOW TRAUMA

Acute pediatric elbow trauma is commonly seen in the emergency departm ent (ED). Reports confirm that, compared to other fractures, children' s elbow fractures are commonly misdiagnosed in the ED. In addition, mi ssed orthopedic injuries are one of the leading causes of malpractice claims in emergency medicine. Radiologic diagnosis of these injuries i s challenging, as a large portion of the pediatric elbow is composed o f radiolucent cartilage. Knowledge of the normal anatomy and ossificat ion centers around the elbow is essential for correct diagnosis. Acute neurovascular injury is frequently associated with these injuries, bu t is often difficult to assess in an apprehensive child. Immediate ort hopedic consultation is indicated for any child with an elbow injury i n whom neurologic or vascular compromise is suspected. Consultation sh ould be strongly considered for children with displaced supracondylar fractures and/or significant echymosis and swelling about the cubital fossa.