This research examines the characteristics, consequences, and potentia
l factors impacting the prevalence of prescription fraud committed by
pharmacy employees. Using standard thematic content analysis, 292 case
s prosecuted by Medicaid Fraud Control Units throughout the nation are
analyzed. Preliminary results reveal that certain kinds of fraud (gen
eric substitution, short-counting, and filling prescriptions without a
refill) are committed more regularly, or at least detected more readi
ly than other kinds of fraud. Most of the prosecutions involved pharma
cists accused of fraud and many of the of senses were committed in gro
ups. Implications for future research and policy are provided.