USE OF LOW-ENERGY, HIGH-CURRENT ELECTRON-BEAMS FOR SURFACE-TREATMENT OF MATERIALS

This article describes the characteristics of original sources of low- energy (10-45 keV), high-current (up to 50 kA) electron beams of micro second duration, designed for the surface thermal treatment of materia ls. Under the action of this type of beam, graded structures are forme d which may impart improved physicochemical properties and strength to the surface layers. This permits the use of these beams for improving the strength and electrochemical properties of pieces and tools, and for increasing the electric strength of vacuum insulation. Some techno logical operations, such as the deposition and removal of coatings and surface alloying, can be realized in the intense evaporation mode. (C ) 1997 Elsevier Science S.A.