Sr. Messenger et al., PROTON DISPLACEMENT DAMAGE AND IONIZING DOSE FOR SHIELDED DEVICES IN SPACE, IEEE transactions on nuclear science, 44(6), 1997, pp. 2169-2173
The sensitivity of displacement damage and ionizing dose calculations
to both the incident proton energy spectrum and that transmitted throu
gh shields is calculated down to 100 eV for a solar proton event. The
method is also applicable to trapped proton environments.