In this gaper, the formulations of design problems associated with the
investigation of the thermal conditions of objects are treated as inv
erse problems of mathematical physics. The algorithm is suggested for
solving the widely applied problem of heat design, that of the choice
of thickness of multilayer heat insulation of minimum mass. The result
s are given of the use of the suggested algorithm for solving the prac
tical problem of the choice of thickness of the heat-shielding coating
for space vehicle.