Strongyloides stercoralis infection in humans continues to be a subjec
t that has frequently inspired reviews and papers. Within the AIDS epi
demic, interest gathered momentum with the inclusion of this infection
in the indicator diseases list, and its subsequent removal 5 years la
ter by the CDC. These actions have prompted a debate as to whether thi
s infection has special significance in patients with AIDS and whether
its exclusion from the CDC criteria is justified. A detailed review o
f the world literature reveals an increased awareness and diagnosis of
this infection in patients with AIDS which takes the form of dissemin
ation, a rapid course, and a usually fatal outcome.