J. Lascaratos et S. Marketos, THE FATAL DISEASE OF THE BYZANTINE EMPEROR ANDRONICUS-III-PALAEOLOGUS(1328-1341 AD), Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 90(2), 1997, pp. 106-109
The Byzantine Emperor Andronicus III Palaeologus (1328-1341 ps) died a
t age 45 from a disease the nature of which is unknown. However, light
is thrown on this by the texts of the Byzantine historians John Canta
cuzenus (who became Emperor under the name of John VI) and Nicephorus
Gregoras, both of whom belonged to the immediate entourage of the Empe
ror. From their descriptions of the symptoms it appears that Andronicu
s suffered from malaria for 20 years (1321-1341). The coma that preced
ed the Emperor's death was probably a cerebral manifestation of chroni
c malaria.