Ov. Nakipova et al., THE ACTION OF INSULIN ON CARDIAC CONTRACT ILITY IN ACTIVE, HIBERNATING AND AROUSING GROUND-SQUIRRELS, Biofizika, 42(6), 1997, pp. 1297-1300
During the deep hibernation (at 5-6 degrees C of the heart temperature
) and during arousal from hibernation (at 15-16 degrees C) insulin hav
e no effect on contractility. Two opposite inotropic effects of insuli
n at concentrations 0,1-50 nM were found at higher temperature of arou
sing: a transient positive inotropic effect between 21-28 degrees C, a
nd a negative one (about 20-30% from the control value) above 28 degre
es C. In active summer and winter animals insulin produced mainly the
negative inotropic effect.