This study was conducted to determine whether load is transmitted via
shear through the matrix between ligament fibres rather than solely as
tension in the fibres. Thirty-six rabbit medial collateral ligaments
were subjected to uniaxial tension tests. Twenty-four of these ligamen
t complexes were incised laterally to create longitudinal shear planes
, while the remaining 12 complexes served as controls. Data were used
in conjunction with finite element models to determine how shear trans
fer, if any, occurred in the ligament. Non-linear, anisotropic, plane
stress finite element models were able to simulate the non-linear stru
ctural behaviour shown by uncut control ligaments under normal tensile
testing. The finite element models were also able to reproduce the li
gament load deformation behaviour observed in the shear tests. Results
indicated that some load was transferred between the collagen fibres
and other constituents in the ground substance of these ligaments and
possibly also through fibres missed during the cutting procedure. The
exact manner in which the load was transmitted remains unclear and req
uires further investigation and quantification. (C) 1997 Elsevier Scie
nce Ltd for IPEMB. All rights reserved. (C) 1997 IPEM. Published by El
sevier Science Ltd.