A 74-year-old woman was hospitalised for pleuro-pneumonia of the right
base. The chest x-ray showed the presence of a right paratracheal opa
city which persisted during the course of the infectious episode. A co
mputed tomographic scan of the thorax showed a voluminous anterior med
iastinal mass which compressed the trachea without invading it. Surgic
al excision enabled the ablation of a tumour which was haemorrhagic an
d the histological examination established a diagnosis of cystic parat
hyroid adenoma. Ar anytime did the patient present either clinical sym
ptoms or biochemical signs suggesting primary hyperpararhyroidism.