We report a case of and review the literature concerning primary gastr
o-aortic fistula secondary to erosion of a gastric ulcer into the thor
acic aorta in a patient with a previous Nissen fundoplication. Treatme
nt consisted of excision of the fistula with closure of the gastric an
d aortic defects. This rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding i
s life threatening, and a high level of suspicion is necessary to make
the diagnosis and initiate early, aggressive surgical treatment.