C. Fall et al., PROGRAMMING OF GROWTH-HORMONE SECRETION AND BONE-MINERAL DENSITY IN ELDERLY MEN - A HYPOTHESIS, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 83(1), 1998, pp. 135-139
Epidemiological studies suggest that retarded growth in infancy is ass
ociated with low adult bone mass. The mechanism underlying this associ
ation is unknown, but the programming of GH secretion or sensitivity b
y environmental influences during early development may play a role. W
e examined this issue in a sample of 37 healthy men, aged 63-73 yr, wh
ose weight gain in infancy had been recorded. Venous blood samples wer
e obtained under standard conditions every 20 min over a 24-h period.
Measurements were made of the GH secretory profile, insulin-like growt
h factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 and -3, and GH-binding prote
in. Bone mineral density was measured at the lumbar spine and femoral
neck using dual energy x-ray absortiometry. There was a statistically
significant association between peak GH concentration (r = 0.46; P < 0
.01) and fasting IGF-I concentration (r = 0.46; P < 0.01) with femoral
neck bone density. After allowing for the peak GH concentration, medi
an GH was negatively (P < 0.05) associated with bone mineral density.
Weight at 1 yr was not related to peak GH, but was strongly related to
the median GH concentration (r = 0.42; P = 0.01). These observations
are consistent with a dual effect of GH secretion on bone density. Hig
h peak GH values drive IGF-I production and maintain bone mineralizati
on in adult life. However, integrated GH secretion, after adjusting fo
r the effect of pulse amplitude, is negatively associated with bone de
nsity in adult life. This particular characteristic of the GH secretor
y profile correlates with growth during infancy and might be programme
d by environmental factors during intrauterine or early postnatal life
.