THE STUDY OF CARBON HALF-CELL VOLTAGE IN LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY BATTERIES

The half-cell voltage of carbon is measured by a three-electrode techn ique. In this study, the effects of cathode/anode mass ratio and charg ing patterns on the carbon half-cell voltages are investigated by fact orial experimental design, From the results of analysis-of-variance (A NOVA), the top voltage of charge and the cathode/anode mass ratio are the major factors which influence the minimum half-cell voltage of car bon during charge. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science S.A.