Tuberculosis is transmitted by aerial route from an infected patient t
o a healthy subject and is facilitated when the receiver is immunologi
cally sensitive. Even when the risk of transmission is low, measures s
hould be taken to prevent emission of bacilli, their suspension in air
and inhalation by sensitive subjects, especially immunodeficient subj
ects. Surveillance of hospital staff and preventive antituberculosis r
egimens are generally recommanded, but often quite controversial.