Use of phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) has been quite common in organic
synthesis in the last two decades. However, there are very few public
ations on the modeling of PTC systems, particularly solid-liquid syste
ms. The present research suggests a systematic procedure for modeling
these reactions, which includes reaction both in the liquid and solid
phases. The equations describing these models provide a rational basis
for the scale-up of PTC reactions. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.