P. Hagen, TEACHING AMERICAN BUSINESS WRITING IN RUSSIA - CROSS-CULTURES CROSS-PURPOSES/, Journal of business and technical communication, 12(1), 1998, pp. 109-126
This article describes the writer's experiences teaching American busi
ness writing in Russia and attempting to find documents for comparison
of Russian and American approaches to business communication. She dis
covered that most documents common in the United States are rare or no
nexistent in Karelia, where in many ways organizational culture is ora
l culture; documents exist largely to show to officials rather than to
communicate with customers, clients, superiors, or subordinates. Alth
ough Hall's model of high-context communication accounts for some cult
ural differences between Americans and Russians, it is important to no
te the differences between Russians operating in official mode and in
personal mode to understand the amount of explicitness and directness
appropriate in various situations.