NATIONAL BEEF QUALITY AUDIT 1995 - SURVEY OF PRODUCER-RELATED DEFECTSAND CARCASS QUALITY AND QUANTITY ATTRIBUTES

The National Beef Quality Audit-1995 was conducted to evaluate the pro gress of the beef industry since the time of the National Beef Quality Audit-1991 in improving quality and consistency of beef. Nine plants were assigned for auditing to Colorado State University, Oklahoma Stat e University, and Texas A&M University. Personnel from each institutio n visited three of their nine plants twice, once in the spring/summer and once in the fall/winter. Data were collected on 50% of each lot on the slaughter floor and 10% in the cooler during a single day's produ ction (one or two shifts, as appropriate). Of the cattle audited on th e slaughter floor, 47.7% had no brands, 3.0% had a shoulder brand, 16. 8% had a side brand, 38.7% had a butt brand, and 6.2% had brands in mu ltiple locations. Data revealed that; 51.6% of the carcasses had no br uises, 30.9% had one bruise, 12.8% had two bruises, 3.7% had three bru ises, .9% had four bruises, and .1% had more than four bruises. In add ition, 7.2% of the bruises evaluated were located on the round, 41.1% were on the loin, 20.8% on the rib, and 30.8% on the chuck. Livers, lu ngs, tripe, heads, tongues, and whole carcasses were condemned at rate s of 22.2, 5.0, 11.0, .9, 3.8, and .1%, respectively. Mean USDA yield grade and quality grade traits were as follows: USDA yield grade, 2.8; carcass weight, 338.4 kg; adjusted fat thickness, 1.2 cm; longissimus muscle area, 81.9 cm(2); kidney, pelvic, and heart fat, 2.1%; USDA qu ality grade, High Select; overall maturity, A(60); and Marbling score, Small-minus.