RESULTS OF NETWORK ANALYZER MEASUREMENTS WITH LEAKAGE ERRORS - CORRECTED WITH DIRECT CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES

Exact calibration procedures to correct two-port measurements with lea kage errors are developed for a network analyzer having three or four measurement channels, Many measurement systems including open air devi ces, such as MMIC wafer probes, contain numerous crosstalk paths which are included in the full models of the direct calibration procedures, These novel 15-term and 22-term procedures are based on closed soluti ons and need five and six successive measurements of completely known calibration standards, First, both procedures solve these general erro r models exactly, The reduction of the common 22-term model to a 10-te rm model discribes a network analyzer with three measurement channels in a simple and common manner, In this way one may create a great numb er of new calibration procedures, The sensitivity and accuracy of a di rect 15-term and a direct 22-term error correction procedure is demons trated by experimental results.