The timing of orthodontic treatment to achieve an optimal outcome is a
n issue of paramount importance to the clinical orthodontist. In this
article I highlight those facts we know, list some we do not know for
certain, and discuss aspects of the decision-making process in orthodo
ntics. With increased insight into proven data and decisionmaking proc
esses, the clinical orthodontist should be better able to appropriatel
y time orthodontic treatment.