Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the placental
passage of erythropoietin in a placental perfusion model ex vivo. Meth
ods: In an open system 18 placentas were perfused on both the maternal
and the fetal side. Erythropoietin and a reference substance were add
ed to either the maternal or fetal perfusion medium. In the first seri
es of experiments, radiolabeled erythropoietin was added to the perfus
ion medium in four different concentrations to help determine the tran
sfer rate of erythropoietin; Based on the results of these experiments
unlabeled erythropoietin was added to the perfusate in three differen
t concentrations. Radiolabeled erythropoietin was used in addition to
erythropoietin because measuring radioactivity in a gamma counter is l
ess expensive than measuring by immunoassay. Results: Accumulation of
radioactivity in the venous portion of the fetal circuit was only 3.21
% of the activity added to the maternal circuit. No evidence of transf
er of erythropoietin to the contralateral compartment was noted, regar
dless of whether the test substance was added maternally or fetally. T
hese results were independent of the concentration used. The reference
compound antipyrine showed a mean transfer rate of 27.9%, which is in
keeping with previous results. Conclusion: There is no transport of e
rythropoietin across fetal membranes. This finding is particularly rem
arkable in view of results published recently indicating the placenta
as a site of erythropoietin production. The lack of its transport acro
ss the human placenta is most likely due to its high molecular weight.
(C) 1997 by The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.