FUNGAL ASSOCIATES OF THE SPRUCE BARK BEETLE IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS L. (COL. SCOLYTIDAE) IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT TRAPPING METHODS

Ips typographus transports spores of various sapwood-staining fungi, m ainly in the pits of the pronota and elytra. When pheromone trapping i s used to collect beetles, the spores of fungi from different beetles may mix. Therefore, the species composition of fungi associated with I . typographus was investigated in eastern Finland using beetles caught by different trapping methods. The beetles were collected individuall y by hand or in pheromone traps with or without vermiculite used as in sulating material in trap containers to prevent surface contamination between beetles. The beetles were inoculated into Norway spruce logs w ith a cork borer and the frequencies of fungi were determined by isola tion of fungi from bark and sapwood. The most frequent ophiostomatoid species were O. penicillatum and O. europhioides. Other common fungi w ere Graphium and Leptographium species. The species that were isolated occasionally were O. ainoae, O. bicolor, O. piceae, O. tetropii and C . polonica. Relationships between fungal observations were analysed on e by one. In pairwise comparison of pheromone trapping and individuall y collected beetles, the frequencies of fungi isolated from beetles di ffered significantly. However, when all trapping methods were compared simultaneously, the differences were not significant.