Ray splitting is a universal phenomenon that occurs in all wave system
s with sharp interfaces. Quantum implications of ray splitting are: (i
) the importance of non-Newtonian orbits for the density of states in
the semiclassical limit, (ii) ray-splitting corrections to the average
density of states and (iii) the need to include non-Newtonian orbits
in trace formulas for the oscillating part of the density of states. T
he signatures of non-Newtonian orbits in the density of states have re
cently been identified experimentally.