BLOCKING APOPTOSIS PREVENTS BLINDNESS DROSOPHILA RETINAL DEGENERATIONMUTANTS

Apoptosis is a gene-directed form of cell death that is essential for normal development and health. Yet abnormally high levels of apoptosis are linked to many degenerative diseases(1), Some important biochemic al events in apoptosis have been identified(2), but the therapeutic ut ility of blocking cell death remains unclear. An important question in this regard is whether cells rescued from apoptosis can function. We have investigated the mechanism of cell death in two Drosophila mutant strains that exhibit age-related retinal degeneration. One of these m utations also occurs in humans, where it causes retinitis pigmentosa. We found that retinal cell death in rdgC and ninaE(RH27)/+ flies occur red by apoptosis and was blocked by eye-specific expression of the bac uloviral cell survival protein p35. Most importantly, the mutant flies expressing p35 showed significant retention of visual function, The r esults demonstrate a therapeutic benefit of late-stage inhibition of a poptosis to flies, and suggest that similar results may be obtained in higher organisms.