We studied the photonic localization of one-dimensional k-component Fi
bonacci structures (KCFS's), in which k different intervals are ordere
d according to a substitution rule. By using a transfer-matrix method,
the optical transmission through KCFS's is obtained. It is demonstrat
ed that the transmission coefficient has a rich structure, which depen
ds on the wavelength of light and the number of different incommensura
te intervals k. For the KCFS's with an identical ic, by increasing the
layer number of the sequences. more and more transmission dips develo
p and some of them approach zero transmission, which may finally make
a one-dimensional photonic band gay. For a series of finite KCFS's, by
increasing the number of different incommensurate intervals k, the to
tal transmission over the spectral region of interest decreases gradua
lly and the width of photonic band gap becomes larger. This property m
ay be useful in the design of the high-performance optical and electro
nic devices, As for the infinite KCFS's, tile transmission coefficient
is singularly continuous and multifractal analysis is employed to cha
racterize the transmission spectra. A dimensional spectrum of singular
ities associated with the transmission spectrum f(alpha) demonstrates
that the light propagation in the KCFS's presents scaling properties a
nd hence shows a genuine multifractality.