PULMONARY INFECTIONS IN HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS

We have further characterized pulmonary infections by bronchoalveolar lavage in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. Sixty-seven consecutiv e patients admitted to the Ohio State University Medical Center from 1 992 to 1995 with liver disease who underwent bronchoscopy with broncho alveolar lavage were identified. Twenty-one patients with cirrhosis an d pneumonia were further analyzed. During the same period, we consecut ively identified 23 patients without liver disease or immunosupression , 19 patients with HIV infections, and 30 patients with cancer or phar macologic immunosuppression who had bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage for pneumonia, These groups were included in these analyses as a control and immunosuppressed controls, respectively. Bronchoscopy is olated respiratory pathogens in 16 patients (76.2%) with cirrhosis and 6 patients (26.1%) in the control group (p = 0.002). Fungal organisms were most commonly found in patients with cirrhosis although several patients had more than one organism identified. The control group had mostly bacterial pathogens; the immunosuppressed controls were commonl y infected with opportunistic organisms. Six (85.7%) of 7 patients wit h cirrhosis and fungal pneumonia died of their respiratory illness. Ho spitalized patients with cirrhosis commonly have opportunistic pulmona ry infections. diagnostic bronchoscopy and empiric antifungal therapy should be considered in those who do not respond to antibiotics.