Objective, Information regarding effect of weather conditions on gout
is sparse, We conducted a study in the USA to examine whether gout is
seasonal, Methods. We reviewed synovial fluid (SF) analyses from our l
aboratory during 1990-1995 and identified 359 patients who had acute g
outy attacks. All fluids of patients with acute gout had intracellular
monosodium urate crystals and SF leukocyte counts > 2000/mm(3) or mor
e than 10 leukocytes per high power field (HPF). Retrospective chart r
eview of all patients was performed to confirm a clinical picture of a
cute gout. A control group included 76 patients with acute pseudogout
whose SF were analyzed during the same period and who had intracellula
r calcium pyrophosphate crystals and inflammatory leukocyte counts as
in patients with gout, Results. Acute gout was most common during the
spring; n = 115 (32%). Ninety (25%) patients had acute gout attacks in
the fall; 81 (23%) had acute attacks during the summer; 73 (20%) had
acute attacks in the winter. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was
used to compare the overall frequency of acute gout during the months
and seasons, Using ANOVA, there was no overall statistically significa
nt difference in the incidence of gout per season (p = 0.07), although
it approached statistical significance. Acute gouty attacks were more
common in the spring compared with winter (p = 0.002) and summer (p =
0.015), There was a trend but no statistically significant difference
compared with fall. Winter was the season in which the fewest acute g
outy cases were seen, although it was not statistically significant. N
o seasonal difference was seen in the pseudogout group. There was no c
orrelation between either mean monthly temperature or humidity and the
incidence of acute gouty attacks. Conclusion. Acute gout attacks are
significantly more common in the spring, No seasonal variation was see
n in patients with acute pseudogout attacks.