Tp. Branson et al., VACUUM EXPECTATION VALUE ASYMPTOTICS FOR 2ND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL-OPERATORS ON MANIFOLDS WITH BOUNDARY, Journal of mathematical physics, 39(2), 1998, pp. 1040-1049
Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold with smooth boundary. We study
the vacuum expectation value of an operator Q by studying Tr(L)2Qe(-tD
), where D is an operator of Laplace type on M, and where Q is a secon
d order operator with scalar leading symbol, we impose Dirichlet or mo
dified Neumann boundary conditions. (C) 1998 American Institute of Phy
sics. [S0022-2488(98)03102-8].