The ageing population is presenting an increasing demand on future hea
lthcare services. In males, prostatic disease is one of the commonest
disorders contributing to this. Alternatives to surgical intervention
have to be considered as the preferred option For individuals and whet
her this be a therapeutic or a financial option to be taken. Two major
medical alternatives are alpha-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibit
ors. The results of such treatment can be very beneficial in selected
groups of patients. Side-effects with improved drugs electivity are re
ducing. Overall, while surgery still holds the gold standard, medical
therapy has a significant role in the treatment of benign prostatic hy
pertrophy. Cost analysis may be a factor in deciding which treatment t
o have.