STANDING PHASE-ANGLE REDUCTION FOR POWER-SYSTEM RESTORATION

The paper describes a methodology for the reduction of standing phase angle (SPA) difference between two buses of a power system, which is e ssential before interconnecting a line between two buses. This problem is encountered normally during restoration operations of a power syst em. For this purpose, the standing phase angle difference between two specific buses is represented in terms of sensitivity factors associat ed with the change in real power injections at the buses. To arrive at the desired standing phase angle difference between two buses, the mo dified contribution at generation/load buses have been evaluated based on 'higher the sensitivity higher the participation' logic. This meth odology acts as a direct help to reduce excessive SPA difference betwe en two buses to an acceptable limit, which otherwise requires regulati on of various generation levels on a trial and error basis.