Although cloned as an ''immediate-early gene,'' recent studies show th
at EGR-1 functions in growth regulation and suppression of transformat
ion by transactivation of the transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-b
eta 1) gene and cooperation with Spl, Jun-B, p21(WAF1/Cip1) and stimul
ates apoptosis by transactivation of the p53 gene.