Starting from concepts of the eighties of the significance of nutrient
balances for body-weight development, new possibilities of dietary pr
ophylaxis and therapy of adiposity have been developed. The author pro
vides an updated and critical survey of the knowledge and practical ex
periences, based on the literature of the last five years, In part I,
findings concerning the relations between fat-and carbohydrate consump
tion on the one side, and bodyweight development, body Fat and fat oxi
dation on the other are presented. Part II will be devoted to low-fat
diets of unrestricted carbohydrate content.