TAXONOMIC LIMITS, PHYLOGENY AND HIGHER CLASSIFICATION OF ANTHOMYZIDAE(DIPTERA), WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO FOSSIL RECORD

Taxonomic limits of the family Anthomyzidae are prescribed. Two fossil genera are affirmed, viz. Protanthomyza Hennig, 1965 (Baltic amber) a nd Grimalantha gen. n. (type species: G. vulnerata sp. n.) described f rom Dominican amber. Fourteen extant genera are recognized, including Chamaebosca Speiser, 1903 (= Penquistus Kieffer, 1906 syn. n.) and Apt erosepsis Richards, 1962. New diagnoses of the latter two genera and r edescriptions of their type species are given and their relationships are discussed. Chamaebosca cursor (Kieffer, 1906) becomes a new combin ation. The monotypic genus Echidnocephalodes lodes Sabrosky, 1980 is r emoved from Anthomyzidae, newly diagnosed and its type species E. barb atus (Lamb, 1914) redescribed and a lectotype designated. Echidnocepha lodes is considered to be related to Periscelididae and/or Aulacigastr idae, particularly to those genera with symmetrical male postabdomen. The inferred phylogeny of the Anthomyzidae, based on cladistic analysi s, is presented. The Opomyzidae are confirmed as a sister-group of the Anthomyzidae, while Protanthomyza is found to be the most primi tive anthomyzid genus forming a sister-group to all recent genera plus the fossil Grimalantha gen. n. The monophylies of the latter group of gene ra, and of the Anthomyzidae as a whole, are demonstrated. The genus Pr otanthomyza is classified in a new subfamily Protanthomyzinae, and all remaining genera are placed in the subfamily Anthomyzinae Frey, 1921. An annotated world checklist of the family Anthomyzidae is appended.