We have isolated and characterized cDNAs representing two distinct phe
romone binding proteins (PBPs) from the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar.
We use the L. dispar protein sequences, along with other published lep
idopteran PBPs, to investigate the evolutionary relationships among ge
nes within the PBP multigene family, Our analyses suggest that the pre
sence of two distinct PBPs in genera representing separate moth superf
amilies is the result of relatively recent, independent, gene duplicat
ion events rather than a single, ancient, duplication, We discuss this
result with respect to the biochemical diversification of moth PBPs.