COMPLEXATION IN ION-EXCHANGER PHASE - PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION OF ION-EXCHANGER COMPLEXES

This paper reviews the properties of complex forming ion exchangers (C FIE) and those of the ion exchanger complexes (IEC) with transition me tal ions. It is mainly dedicated to the development of a novel approac h in characterizing TEC which is based on the consideration of CFIE as three-dimensional polymeric ligands. The approach is illustrated by t he results obtained by studying the specificity of complex formation w ith CFIE of different types, the structure, properties and possible ap plications of TEC as anion exchangers, as electron exchangers, as liga nd exchangers and some others. A particular attention is paid to the t ailored synthesis of the IEC with desired properties such as the compo sition of the statistically-average coordination center, the distribut ion of metal ions along the polymer chain, etc., and to their applicat ion as catalysts which combine the high selectivity and activity of th e homogenous metal-complex catalysts with the technological convenienc e of the heterogeneous ones. The application of the IEC as convenient models for bio-catalysts (metalloenzymes) is also discussed.