Background: Studies conducted in the first decade of the AIDS epidemic
indicated that, in general, dentists had suboptimal levels of complia
nce with standard infection control practices, including work practice
s designed to reduce exposure to bloodborne pathogens. This study was
designed to assess current rates of compliance with these practices in
a population of Maryland dentists and to identify correlates of safe
work practices. Methods: We surveyed 648 Maryland dentists using a con
fidential, self-administered questionnaire. Results: Three hundred and
ninety-two questionnaires were returned (60% response rate). We found
that infection control practices were variable as reported by respond
ing dentists. In addition, several potentially modifiable factors were
found to be significantly correlated with these practices, including
(1) attitudes toward patients infected with HIV and (2) safety program
management within the practice. Conclusion: These data are encouragin
g in that recommended infection control practices are being adopted, a
t least among a sample of Maryland dentists. Strategies for further im
provement are identified.