Solution state protonation (doping) studies have been made using polye
meraldine and the phenyl capped tetramer oligomer of emeraldine. The s
pectra show in detail the changes which occur in the electronic struct
ure of these materials upon doping and indicate that imine sites can b
e protonated singularly and that homogeneous protonation occurs at all
protonation levels. Ageing in solution and dilution experiments indic
ate that solvation effects, probably rigid rod to coil, occur on a rel
atively long time scale.