At the present time, numerous investigations show that active implicat
ion of students in learning process increases when they feel self-comp
etent. This motivational implication affects the cognitive and metacog
nitive strategies that students use to achieve the academic tasks, and
the regulation of effort and persistence in difficult situations. The
fundamental aim of this work is to study in depth how the image that
the learner has of himself as student affects the selection and utiliz
ation of learning strategies that involve certain grade of significati
vity. This study has been carried out with a sample made up of 371 stu
dents, aged between 9 and 13, The findings obtained show that: 1) Ther
e are significant differences in the selection and utilization of lear
ning strategies between students with positive and negative self-conce
pt; and 2) there is a reciprocal relationship between self-concept and
learning strategies.