Sj. Peroutka et al., COMORBID MIGRAINE WITH AURA, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR (DRD2) NCOI ALLELES, Molecular medicine, 4(1), 1998, pp. 14-21
Citations number
57
Categorie Soggetti
Biology,"Medicine, Research & Experimental","Cell Biology
Background: Unrelated individuals (n = 242) were interviewed directly
for the presence of migraine, anxiety disorders, and major depression.
Materials and Methods: The data described in this study are derived f
rom a clinical generic relational data base that was developed initial
ly for the genetic analysis of migraine. Genotyping of the DRD2 NcoI C
to T polymorphism located in exon 6 (His313His) was performed using p
reviously described primers. Results: A significantly increased incide
nce of migraine with aura (MWA), major depression, generalized anxiety
disorder (GAD), panic attacks, and phobia was observed in individuals
with the DRD2 NcoI CIC genotype compared with individuals with an DRD
2 NcoI T allele. Specifically, 69% (91/131) of DRD2 NcoI CIC individua
ls in the present study met criteria for at feast one of these neurops
ychiatric disorders versus only 22% (4/18) of the DRD2 NcoI T/T indivi
duals (Chi-square = 15.29; p < 0.00005). The DRD2 NcoI C allele freque
ncy is significantly higher (Chi-square = 17.13; p < 0.00002) in indiv
iduals with MWA, anxiety disorders, and/or major depression (C allele
frequency = 0.80) than in individuals who have none of these disorders
(C allele frequency = 0.67). Conclusions: These data indicate that MW
A, anxiety disorders, and major depression can be components of a dist
inct clinical syndrome associated with allelic variations within the D
RD2 gene. Clinical recognition of this genetically based syndrome has
significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications.